Peru

Republic of Peru
Flag
Location  South America
Capital  Lima
Area  1,285,216 sq km
Population  29,248,943

"There's no fool like an old fool"
(Proverb/Quote of the Week)

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January

January 1 Peru became a member of the World Trade Organization (WTO), an organization commenced to deal with the rules of trade between nations, on 1 January 1995. Javier Pérez de Cuéllar, a Peruvian diplomat, served as the fifth Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1st January 1982 to 31st December 1991. January 2 January 3 January 4 January 5 Peruvian communicator and educator Raquel Diaz was announced as the Panda Champions for Global Goals by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) on 5 January 2017. The aim of the recognition is to build a team of enthusiastic individuals from around the world to achieve the UN sustainable development goals by 2030. January 6 January 7 January 8 January 9 January 10 January 11 January 12 January 13 January 14 January 15 January 16 January 17 January 18 January 19 January 20 January 21 Peruvian opera tenor Juan Diego Flórez won the Crystal Award at the 2014 World Economic Forum. The Crystal Awards celebrate artists who not only excel in their art, but also help to improve the world around them. January 22 January 23 January 24 January 25 January 26 January 27 After decades of debate, the United Nations' International Court of Justice on 27 January 2014 defined a new maritime boundary between Peru and Chile, awarding Peru parts of the Pacific Ocean and offering rich coastal fishing grounds to Chile. January 28 January 29 January 30 January 31

February

February 1 February 2 February 3 February 4 February 5 February 6 February 7 February 8 February 9 February 10 February 11 February 12 Peruvian archaeologists have discovered a temple believed to be about 5,000-years-old at the ancient El Paraiso archaeological site in a valley just north of Lima, Peru's Ministry of Culture revealed on 12 February 2013. February 13 February 14 February 15 February 16 February 17 February 18 February 19 February 20 February 21 February 22 February 23 February 24 February 25 February 26 February 27 February 28 February 29

March

March 1 An international team of researchers, including Peruvian scientists, has for the first time identified a gene called IRF4 responsible for greying hair. Their study published in Nature Communications on 1 March 2016 confirms greying has a genetic component and is not just environmental. March 2 March 3 March 4 March 5 March 6 March 7 Flor de Maria Vega Zapata, Peru’s National Coordinator for Environmental Prosecutors, was honoured with the 2019 International Women of Courage (IWOC) Award by the United States. March 8 March 9 March 10 March 11 March 12 March 13 March 14 March 15 Two new species of woodlizards (Hoplocercinae, Enyalioides) have been discovered in the mountain rainforests of northeastern Peru, according to a study published by researchers from Peru, Ecuador and the USA on 15 March 2013 in the open access journal Zoo Keys. March 16 March 17 March 18 March 19 Gran Pajatén in Peru, the biosphere reserve that is characterized by high altitudes and a pristine ecosystem, was added to the list of UNESCO World Network of Biosphere Reserves on 19 March 2016. The list recognizes regions that have maintained a healthy economy while hanging on to significant environmental values. Rosario Fernández sworn in as Peru's new prime minister on March 19, 2011. Fernández became the second woman Prime Minister of Peru after Beatriz Merino (2002-2003). March 20 March 21 March 22 March 23 March 24 March 25 March 26 March 27 March 28 March 29 Arlette Contreras Bautista of Peru, an activist, lawyer, and domestic violence survivor, was honoured with the United States Secretary of State’s International Women of Courage Award 2017. March 30 March 31

April

April 1 April 2 April 3 April 4 A Peruvian and international team of palaeontologists has discovered a well-preserved skeleton of a four-legged whale ancestor in Playa Media Luna, in Peru's desert-like Pisco Basin. The 43 million years old skeleton was described in the journal Current Biology on 4 April 2019. April 5 Archaeologists in Peru using drones have uncovered more than 50 new examples of Nazca lines, a series of large ancient geoglyphs, in the Palpa province that likely would have been missed by the human eye and even satellites, as reported on 5 April 2018. Central in Peru was named as the World’s Fifth Best Restaurant for 2017. April 6 Researchers from Peru and their international colleagues have located three new species of dragon-like Woodlizards among the cloud forests of South America's majestic mountain range in Andes. Their findings were reported on 6 April 2015 in the journal ZooKeys. April 7 April 8 April 9 April 10 April 11 April 12 April 13 April 14 April 15 April 16 April 17 Maxima Acuña of Peru won the 2016 Goldman Environmental Prize, considered as the Nobel Prize for grassroots environmentalism, on 17 April 2016. A subsistence farmer in Peru’s northern highlands, Máxima stood up for her right to peacefully live off her own property, a plot of land sought by Newmont and Buenaventura Mining to develop the Conga gold and copper mine. April 18 April 19 April 20 Peruvian lawyer and advocate for women's rights and domestic violence Cindy Arlette Contreras Bautista was named as one of the most influential people, according to Time Magazine’s 2017 list of 100 Most Influential People. April 21 Minister of State for the Environment of Peru Manuel Pulgar-Vidal was appointed as a Special Advisor of the United Nations High-Level Panel on Water on 21 April 2016. April 22 April 23 April 24 April 25 April 26 Peru adopted a resolution on 3 May 2012 in order to lower carbon emissions, include more renewable fuels in energy matrix and curb illegal logging in the Amazon rain forest. April 27 April 28 Ruth Buendia of Peru won the 2014 Goldman Environmental Prize for uniting Asháninka indigenous people in a powerful campaign against large-scale dams that would have once again uprooted indigenous communities still recovering from Peru’s civil war. April 29 April 30

May

May 1 May 2 May 3 Ivan Ciro Palomino Huamani of Peru won the first prize at the 2016 United Nations Poster for Peace contest for his poster titled Spinning Peace. May 4 May 5 May 6 May 7 May 8 May 9 May 10 May 11 May 12 May 13 May 14 May 15 May 16 Peru's president signed a new law on 16 May 2013 designed to reduce child obesity by encouraging healthier eating habits in schools. The law regulates advertising for fatty foods and fizzy soft drinks in schools, the first step in a plan to ban some junk food altogether. May 17 Machu Picchu in Peru topped the list of the 2016 World's Most Beloved Landmarks published by travel website company Tripadvisor as part of its Travelers’ Choice awards. May 18 May 19 May 20 May 21 May 22 May 23 May 24 May 25 May 26 May 27 May 28 May 29 May 30 May 31

June

June 1 Peruvian restaurant Central ranked fourth best in the World's 50 Best Restaurant awards in London on 1 June 2015. June 2 The United Nations General Assembly on 2 June 2017 elected Peru as a non-permanent member of the Security Council for two years starting on 1 January 2018. June 3 June 4 Practical Action, founded in 1966 in Peru, was awarded the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) Sasakawa Prize on 4 June 2008 for bringing renewable energy to villages in Peru. June 5 June 6 June 7 June 8 June 9 June 10 June 11 June 12 Peru and other thirty-seven countries met internationally-set hunger eradication targets set for 2015 to halve the percentage of hungry people well ahead of time, the United Nations food agency revealed on 12 June 2013. June 13 Peruvian conservationist Victor Zambrano, who has dedicated his life to the restoration of natural forests in the Madre de Dios region of Peru’s south-eastern Amazon, won the 2016 National Geographic/Buffett Award for Leadership in Latin American Conservation. June 14 June 15 June 16 A set of extremely rare 2,000 year old funeral shroud were returned to Peru from Sweden in 2014, more than 80 years after they were smuggled out of the country by a Swedish diplomat. June 17 June 18 June 19 June 20 June 21 Ancient Qhapac Ñan road system built by the Inca Empire spanning six countries in South America including Peru was granted World Heritage status by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 2014. June 22 June 23 June 24 June 25 June 26 June 27 Peruvian football team scored their first FIFA World Cup goal in 36 years on 27 June 2018 during their 2-0 win over Australia. A Peruvian-Polish team of archaeologists on 27 June 2013 revealed they have unearthed a massive royal tomb in Peru full of mummified women that provides clues about the enigmatic Wari Empire that ruled the Andes long before their better-known Incan successors. June 28 Dr. Beatriz Merino Lucero was the first female Prime Minister of Peru. She held the post of Prime Minister from June 28, 2003 to December 15, 2003. Dr. Merino was the first woman elected as Prime Minister of a Latin American country. June 29 June 30

July

July 1 July 2 July 3 Peru clinched the third place at the 2015 Copa America football tournament with a 2-0 win over Paraguay in the third place play-off match. July 4 Scientists in Peru have reconstructed the face of a woman using 3D printing who governed in northern Peru 1,700 years ago. The woman, known as the Lady of Cao, belonged to the Moche culture, as revealed on 4 July 2017. July 5 July 6 July 7 Machu Picchu, a 15th-century Inca site in Peru apparently built as an estate for the Inca emperor Pachacuti, was named one of the New Seven Wonders of the World by New7Wonders Foundation. The Official New 7 Wonders of the World were announced in random order at the Official Declaration Ceremony on July 7, 2007(07.07.07) in Lisbon. July 8 July 9 July 10 July 11 Boza Dibos Francisco of Peru won gold in Men's Trap Shooting event at the 2015 Pan American Games. Peru launched a $13m, money donated by the United States, project to fight child labor on 11 July 2012. The scheme will seek to boost access to education for children in three of Peru's poorest regions. July 12 U.S. authorities returned 14 stolen and looted paintings and artifacts to Peru on 12 July 2012, including four archaeological items more than 2,000 years old. July 13 The mummified remains of a sacrificed woman of the Moche culture were discovered by Peruvian archaeologists at the El Brujo complex some 570 kilometers (350 miles) north of Lima, as reported on 13 July 2013. July 14 July 15 July 16 July 17 July 18 July 19 Gladys Zender from Peru won the 6th Miss Universe contest on July 19, 1957. Gladys was the first Latin American women to win the title. July 20 July 21 July 22 July 23 Natalia Cuglievan of Peru won gold in the Women's Tricks Waterski & Wakeboard event at the 2015 Pan American Games. July 24 July 25 July 26 July 27 July 28 July 29 July 30 July 31

August

August 1 August 2 August 3 August 4 August 5 August 6 August 7 August 8 August 9 August 10 August 11 August 12 August 13 August 14 August 15 August 16 August 17 August 18 August 19 Peru launched its very first satellite Chasqui on 19 August 2014 from the International Space Station. Spacewalking Russian astronauts let go the 4-inch satellite that will map Earth pictures from outer space and send them back to stations on the ground. August 20 August 21 August 22 August 23 On 23 August 2011, Peru’s Congress unanimously approved a ‘historic’ new law that will make it mandatory to seek Indigenous Peoples’ consent before development projects are allowed to go ahead affecting them and their lands. August 24 August 25 August 26 August 27 August 28 August 29 August 30 August 31

September

September 1 September 2 September 3 September 4 September 5 September 6 Germany returned a stolen pre-Columbian gold funerary mask, an eighth century Sican mask, to Peru following a 20-year legal and diplomatic negotiation, as the Peruvian Culture Ministry announced on 6 September 2018. September 7 September 8 September 9 Researchers from Peru, Italy and Belgium have found fossils of three dolphins in the Pisco-Ica desert in Peru. The dolphins, reported in the Journal Vertebrate Paleontology on 9 September 2014, not only belong to a new species but also related to endangered river dolphins living in the Indus and Ganges rivers in India today. September 10 September 11 September 12 September 13 September 14 September 15 September 16 September 17 September 18 September 19 September 20 September 21 September 22 September 23 September 24 September 25 September 26 September 27 Peru and Chile signed a memorandum of understanding on 27 September 2012 between the two countries and NGO Norwegian People’s Aid (NPA) regarding the demining process of Chile’s northern border. The memorandum, a sign of collaboration, outlines a mutually agreed upon territory for demining efforts and the conditions and methods to be used by the NPA. September 28 September 29 September 30

October

October 1 October 2 October 3 October 4 October 5 October 6 October 7 The Nobel Prize in Literature for 2010 is awarded to the Peruvian author Mario Vargas Llosa on October 7, 2010 for his cartography of structures of power and his trenchant images of the individual’s resistance, revolt, and defeat. October 8 October 9 October 10 October 11 October 12 October 13 A poster titled El Lugar Perfecto Para Maravillarse De Verdad from Peru was announced as the winner of the 2011 Vettor Giusti Tourism Poster Competition under the Americas region category at the 19th General Assembly of the United Nations World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO). The competition is held every two years on the occasion of the UNWTO General Assembly and is an opportunity for member states to promote their destinations around the world. October 14 Peru was ranked as the third Most Empathetic Country in the world according to a study by Michigan State University published on 14 October 2016. The study measured people’s compassion for others and their tendency to imagine others’ point of view. October 15 October 16 Peru was elected to the UN Human Rights Council on 16 October 2017 for a 3-year term starting on 1 January 2018. October 17 October 18 October 19 October 20 October 21 October 22 Archaeologists have discovered 19 humanlike wooden idols more than 750 years old, some of them wearing beige clay masks on their faces, in the ancient city of Chan Chan, Peru, according to the offical announcement on 22 October 2018 by the country's Ministry of Culture. October 23 October 24 Archaeologists in Peru on 24 October 2013 revealed that they have found two mummies more than 1,000 years old in a suburb of the capital, Lima. The mummies - of an adult and a child - were found at an ancient religious complex which has been under excavation since 1981. October 25 October 26 October 27 October 28 October 29 October 30 October 31 Life Out Of Plastic (L.O.O.P.) is a 100% women-owned organisation in Peru that designs and sells green products such as reusable bags and fleece made from rPET fibre - a textile derived from bottle recycling - was honored at the 2013 SEED Awards. The SEED Awards for Entrepreneurs in Sustainable Development is an annual awards scheme awarded by an international jury of experts.

November

November 1 November 2 November 3 November 4 November 5 November 6 Bolivian authorities on 6 November 2012 returned to Peru a 700-year-old mummy of a child of about two years of age. Bolivian police seized it two years ago from a woman who was going to ship it to France. November 7 November 8 Bruno Monteferri of Peru was awarded the 2013 Green Talents Award in Berlin for his research focused on the environmental law and conservation leadership with the goal of creating a more sustainable society. November 9 November 10 November 11 November 12 November 13 November 14 November 15 Peru ended their 36-year FIFA World Cup drought on 15 November 2017 by securing the final spot in the FIFA World Cup Russia 2018 beating New Zealand 2-0 in Lima. A 10-year ban on genetically modified foods in Peru came into effect on 15 November 2012. The law is aimed at preserving Peru’s biodiversity and supporting local farmers. November 16 Madeline Hartog-Bel won the 1967 Miss World contest representing Peru. She was the first Peruvian woman to win the title. Miss World 1967 was held at Lyceum Theatre, London, United Kingdom on November 16, 1967. November 17 November 18 November 19 November 20 November 21 November 22 November 23 November 24 Researchers at the Universidad de Ingeniería y Tecnología (UTEC) in Peru have developed a low-cost LED lamp named Plant Lamp that uses plants and soil as its batteries. The lamp technically draws its power from microorganisms in the soil that are released by plants as they grow, as first revealed on 24 November 2015. November 25 November 26 Archaeologists in Lima, Peru have found four tombs that are more than 1,000 years old in a pyramid-shaped cemetery, as announced on 26 November 2015. The unique find, which includes human skeletal remains, confirms the historical presence in Lima of the Ichma culture. It took hold on the central coast around 1000 and disappeared around 1450 as Inca civilization began to spread. November 27 November 28 November 29 The Peruvian government apologized on 29 November 2009 for the first time to its citizens of African origin for centuries of abuse, exclusion and discrimination. This apology is a significant step forward towards enduring future. November 30

December

December 1 December 2 December 3 December 4 December 5 December 6 María Julia Mantilla from Peru was crowned Miss World 2004 at the age of 20. She was the second Peruvian to win the title. December 7 December 8 December 9 December 10 December 11 December 12 Peru named World's Leading Culinary Destination at the World Travel Awards (WTA) Grand Final 2015 in Morocco. December 13 December 14 December 15 December 16 December 17 December 18 December 19 December 20 December 21 December 22 December 23 December 24 December 25 December 26 December 27 December 28 December 29 December 30 December 31 Peru replaced the 1979 Constitution and enacted a new constitution on December 31, 1993.

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